فصلنامه رشد فناوری
پیاپی 62 (بهار 1399)

Complex products and systems (CoPS) are products, systems, services and infrastructure assets that are costly and require advanced technology and are known as capital goods. The technological complexity of CoPS products is an important competitive advantage, which is very important for companies and even governments. As these products are custom-made, the development of these products is considered as projects. In compare to common projects, the difference in the nature of the CoPS products has led to some differences in managing them. In this study, we are going to explore the differences in the CoPS projects and how they are managed by exploring the comprehensive CoPs literature review from the project management perspective. In the initial search, 84 papers were identified. After studying abstracts, the number of related articles was reduced to 22. After studying articles, we classify them and examine how to manage complex product and system projects. According to the results, managing complex product and system projects are diffrented from some aspects such as integration management, communication management, scope management, project planning and control, time and cost management, risk management and stakeholder management in compared with common projects. Organization should consider these differences in managing CoPs projects. The results also indicate that the number of studies carried out on CoPs projects are not very high, especially in Iran. The most important identified gap research is the lack of applied studies in various industries, including communications, defense industries, and so on.

Organizations that have the technology and the ability to use it can exploit this opportunity to recognize and exploit. Technology is one of the most vital components of commercial and industrial organizations. The existence of efficient information technology system is the basis of information technology capabilities. Companies active in science and technology parks, which have become an important element in today's knowledge economy, should be active in identifying entrepreneurial opportunities and taking advantage of the opportunities available in the environment to the most desirable Extract the existing form. Therefore, the present study attempts to investigate the effect of IT capabilities on the identification of entrepreneurship opportunities by survey method and based on interpretive structural modeling in the Smart-PLS software environment in growth companies in technology and science park in Zahedan. The statistical population of this research is all employees of companies in technology and science park in Zahedan.. According to Morgan table, 130 people were selected randomly. The tool used in the research was a questionnaire. Reliability of the questionnaires was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha and combined reliability, and their validity was confirmed through convergent and divergent validity. The results of data analysis showed that IT capabilities have a positive and significant effect on the recognition of entrepreneurial opportunities by 0.472. Therefore, companies based in Science and Technology Park should pay attention to the role of information technology capabilities and its dimensions in identifying business opportunities.

Constant environmental changes threaten the survival of organizations in various forms. Competitiveness is a key criterion for assessing the degree of success of countries, industries and firms in the competitive, political, economic and commercial fields, which means that any country, industry or firm with high competitive power in competitive markets. It can be said that it is more competitive. The achievement of higher organizational competitiveness is the goal that organizations take to take different measures to achieve it. Also, in the contemporary economy, knowledge is the basis of organizational competitiveness and the most important goals of any economic system are to achieve sustainable economic growth. Knowledge-based companies can play an important role in economic growth and innovation and competitiveness are their important features. In this research, we have provided a unified model of factors affecting organizational competitiveness also this research is a step towards increasing knowledge about the competitiveness of organizations. For this purpose, 100 questionnaires distributed among knowledge based companies based in Yazd Science and Technology Park. Data analysis has been done by structural equation modeling with the help of partial least squares method and application of software platform. The results of the research show that there is a significant relationship between marketing capability and organizational competitiveness, as well as a significant relationship between organizational innovation capability and organizational competitiveness. The resalts revealed a significant relationship between market orientation and marketing capabilitiy. There has also been a significant relationship between core learning and organizational innovation capability.

In the existing literature on entrepreneurship, there are various approaches to determining the factors affecting entrepreneurial activity, which can be explained in various disciplines of science. As an interdisciplinary study, entrepreneurship consists of aspects of economic, historical, psychological, political, social and cultural studies. All of these studies focus on entrepreneurship from different points of views. Since entrepreneurship is recognized as an appropriate tool for stimulating economic growth, increasing innovation and productivity and reduction of poverty, identification of determinants of entrepreneurial activity allows appropriate policies to increase productivity and economic growth in a single economy. Due to the wide range of factors which affecting entrepreneurial activities among countries, several studies have examined various factors affecting it. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to investigate the economic factors affecting entrepreneurial activities at the macro level, which, given the literature available in this field, has a greater impact than other factors. The present study was conducted using descriptive analysis, literature reviews and collecting library resources such as books and theoretical and applied entrepreneurship papers. Finally, the collected resources were classified into two categories of supply and demand factors. The factors on the supply side include economic development, technological development, globalization, direct foreign investment and financial development, and demand factors include education, population growth, population density, income level, income gap, access to finance, Tax, labor market flexibility rules, political structure, immigration, unemployment rate, institutional characteristics and macroeconomic environment.

Social media is one of the fastest growing marketing channels and now more than two thirds of Internet users are involved. The hotel industry is one of the main pillars of tourism activity, with many countries investing heavily in the hotel sector as a result of attracting more tourists. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of the destination image of the intention on the tourists with regard to the role of social media moderation in the hotel industry. The research population of this study includes all tourists visiting 5 star hotels Tabriz (Pars, Shahryar and Kaya). With regard to the unlimited of the population, the minimum sample size at 95% confidence level and accuracy of 5% were selected using the Cochran formula 384 people. Data gathering tool was a standard questionnaire, whose validity was confirmed by experts and its reliability was estimated by Cronbach' alpha coefficient. Present study is an applied research in terms of purpose and it is regarded to be a correlative descriptive research based on the way of obtaining required data. Analyzed data collected from statistical methods, descriptive and inferential statistics was used. The findings of this research showed that the destination image has a positive and significant impact on the intention of the traveler. Also the Destination image effects on the intention tourists to travel with the role of moderating social media.

Green supply chain management is based on both integrating the supply chain management and environment management, controls the environmental effects of products in their life cycle via sharing the information and coordination. The main objective of this study is to evaluate and rank the "Green Supply Chain Management" in the petrochemical industry, as well as identification of sub-indicators of these major dimensions as research sub-goal.

In order to achieve the goals and answer the research questions, this research has been done in two steps. In the first step, with the study of scientific literature and the opinion of experts familiar with environmental issues, green supply chain management, and petrochemical industry, the indicators affecting green supply chain management were identified based on the main dimensions of the extracted and the basis for the preparation of the first questionnaire. After collecting and analyzing the data and determining the mean of society and the importance of dimensions and indicators, four of the 5 dimensions and 11 indicators of 22 indices were selected. In the second step, the DEMATEL method was used to analyze the causal and causal factors and to rank the effective dimensions and indicators.

The results indicate that the dimensions of society and organizational participation and the indicators of the formation of the working group, senior management support, community expectation of the company and environmental education and training are respectively the most important and the most important in this industry.

Cloud computing has emerged as one of the most discussed topics among Enterprise Information Technology (IT) professionals. Small and medium enterprises with low budget and human resources are one of the major groups that tend to use cloud computing for achieving the benefit of this technology. A multitude of factors influence the adoption of cloud computing for Knowledge-based companies . These decisive factors must be systematically evaluated prior to making the decision to adopt cloud-based solutions. The purpose of this study is to identify these factors and Ranking them and determine the extent to which they influence the adoption of cloud computing for Knowledge-based companies . Therefore, the project describes a research model that is based on the diffusion of innovation (DOI) theory and the technology, organization and environment (TOE) framework. Based on previous study, research model was developed to test Twelve (12) variables. Data was collected by survey questionnaires from a sample of 59 Small and medium enterprises that all of these Small and medium enterprises were in The Knowledge-based companies. There are 59 experts and decision makers in information technology department from those Small and medium enterprises are selected to fill the questionnaires. The research methodology was survey and SPSS software version 23, Minitab EDI 17 and EXCEL EDI 2013 was used for data analysis. In summary, the results of this research have shown decision maker’s Innovativeness and Information Intensity were found to have significant influence on adoption of cloud computing for Knowledge-based companies.